Hi Atty. Claire,
Nag-email ako dahil gusto ko lang po malaman kung ano po ba ang pagkakaiba ng legal separation at nullity ng marriage. Sa sitwasyon ko po ngyon 9 years na kaming hiwalay ng ex-wife ko at may kinakasama na po akong bago at may dalawa kami anak at isa sa unang asawa.may arragement n kami ng ex-wife ko tungkol sa financial assistance ng anak namin.
Nag-aalala ang ka-live in ko na baka manggulo ‘yung una kaya gusto niya ayusin ang papel namin, gusto ko sana legal separation muna dahil wala pa ko budget sa annulment.
Ano po ba dapat kong gawin,kung legal seperation ba puwede na ako bumili ng property nang walang habol ‘yung una o kailangan ko mag-file ng annulment?
Thanks,
Rummel
Rummel,
Ang pagkakaiba ng legal separation sa annulment o nullity of marriage ay makikita sa karapatan mong mag-asawa muli. Sa legal separation kasi ay ipag-uutos lamang ng korte na maghiwalay kayo ng tirahan at maghiwalay ng ari-arian, kung kasama sa hiling mo na magkaroon na din ng separation ng properties pero hindi nagbibigay ito sa iyo ng lisensya at karapatan na nagkaroon ng ibang karelasyon at mas lalong hindi ka mabibigyan ng karapatang mag-asawa muli. Ito ang mga ground mo para makapagsampa ng legal separation sa loob ng limang taon matapos makaganito ng mga sumusunod:
(a) Repeated physical violence or grossly abusive conduct directed against the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner; (b) Physical violence or moral pressure to compel the petitioner to change religious or political affiliation; (c) Attempt of respondent to corrupt or induce the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner, to engage in prostitution, or connivance in such corruption or inducement; (d) Final judgment sentencing the respondent to imprisonment of more than six years, even if pardoned; (e) Drug addiction or habitual alcoholism of the respondent;
Kasama rin ang (f) Lesbianism or homosexuality of the respondent; (g) Contracting by the respondent of a subsequent bigamous marriage, whether in or outside the Philippines; (h) Sexual infidelity or perversion of the respondent; (i) Attempt on the life of petitioner by the respondent; or chan robles virtual law library (j) Abandonment of petitioner by respondent without justifiable cause for more than one year.
Ang nullity of marriage naman ay mabibigyan ka ng karapatang makapag-asawang muli kapag nagkaroon ng desisyon ang korte na napawalang-bisa na ang kasal ninyo. Hindi ka na makakasuhan ng concubinage ng dati mong asawa kung sakali mang ikaw ay may bago nang kasama sa buhay. Dapat mo lamang patunayan ang ilan sa mga grounds:
1) when a marriage is contracted by any party below 18 years of age even with the consent of parents or guardians; (2) when a marriage is solemnized by any person not legally authorized to perform marriages, unless such marriage was contracted with either or both parties believing in good faith that the solemnizing officer had the legal authority to do so;
(3) when a marriage is solemnized without license, except those covered under Title I, Chapter 2 of the Family Code; (4) when a marriage is bigamous or polygamous and not falling under Article 41; (5) when a marriage is contracted through mistake of one contracting party as to the identity of the other; and (6) a subsequent marriage which is void under Article 53.
Itong huling probisyon ay nangangailangan na ang judgment sa nullity of marriage pati na ang paghahati hati ng anumang ari-arian sa civil registry at Register of Deeds at kung hindi ito matutupad ay maaaring maging dahilan upang mapawalang-bisa rin ang susunod na kasal.
Isa pang ground na maaaring gamitin sa nullity of marriage ay ang Art. 36 ng Family Code o mas kilala sa tawag na psychological incapacity kung saan ang isa o parehong partido ay may psychological o personality disorder upang hindi magampanan ang mahahalagang obligasyon bilang asawa.
Ilan lamang ito sa mga ground upang mapawalang bisa ang kasal dahil mayroon pang relasyon na masasabing against public policy.